Journal: Leukemia & lymphoma

Article Title: OVERCOMING MULTIPLE MYELOMA DRUG RESISTANCE IN THE ERA OF CANCER “OMICS”

doi: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1337115

Figure Lengend Snippet: “Omics” technologies used in preclinical and clinical studies

Article Snippet: By using molecular profiles to understand disease mechanisms, predict drug response and patient relapse, “omics” data can be used to guide pre-clinical drug development and tailor personalized treatments for each individual patient and disease. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 Table 1. caption a7 Omics Approach Omics Technology Source Material Readout Application Preclinical Clinical WGS, WES Genomics Genomic DNA (Germline) WGS: Sequence of entire chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA WES: Sequence of all exomes in genome Discover new mechanisms of drug resistance, biomarker discovery Patient risk stratification, predict response to therapy, guide therapeutic decisions Cancer genome sequencing Genomic DNA (Tumour) Mutational profile of cancer SNP array, CNV microarray Genomic DNA (Germline or Tumour) Unbiased association of genotype and phenotype Identification of genetic variation associated with response and/or adverse events to treatment RNA Seq, RNA microarray Transcriptomics mRNA (cDNA) Gene expression profile, disease associated genes, chemoresistance- associated genes Monitor changes in mutational landscape of cancer, predict response to therapy, guide therapeutic decisions Protein analysis by LC-MS/MS, SILAC-MS, ITRAQ-MS Proteomics Proteins Protein maps and predicted networks, disease-associated proteins, chemoresistance-associated proteins Predict treatment response, guide therapeutic decisions, monitor treatment response and relapse Metabolome analysis by LC-MS/MS, NMR, ion-mobility spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy Metabolomics Metabolites Metabolite profiles in cancer, tissues, and body fluids Genome-wide DNA methylation assays, miRNA array, Histone modification assays Epigenomics DNA, proteins DNA methylation, miRNAs, histone modifications High-throughput screen (knockdown/knockout shRNA/CRISPR-Cas9 screens, overexpression screens, drug screens) Genomics, Multi-omics Cells, proteins, embryo Phenotype (i.e. survival, proliferation, chemoresistance), biochemical, etc... NA Open in a separate window WGS: whole genome sequencing; WES: whole exome sequencing; SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism; CNV: copy number variant; LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; miRNA: microRNA; NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance; shRNA: short hairpin RNA; CRISPR: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats “Omics” technologies used in preclinical and clinical studies Indeed, recent advances in high-throughput “omics” techniques afford us an unprecedented opportunity to understand drug resistance at the genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic level.

Techniques: Sequencing, Biomarker Discovery, Microarray, RNA Sequencing, Gene Expression, Multiplex sample analysis, Ion-Mobility Spectrometry, Raman Spectroscopy, Genome Wide, DNA Methylation Assay, Modification, Knockdown, shRNA, Over Expression